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ePaper created 2017-04-20, 12:07:17 | version 1.38.0
implants_magazine Ryc. 2a Ryc. 2b Ryc. 2c Ryc. 2d Scialom’s needles and the American Linkhow’s2 blades, all in immediate loading, appeared (Fig. 1b). These devices/tools were characterized by their simplicity and remarkable efectiveness, and they are still commonly used today in oral implantology, obviously modernized and updat- ed compared to the needles and blades of over 40 years ago. The loading immediate technique has therefore always been continuously perfected. Titanium was introduced, forms and procedures were studied and soon the high success rates ar- rived. The spread of this technique started in the 60’s, thanks to a generation of implantologists, many of whom were Italian, who can be regarded as being among the founding fathers of implan- tology: we are talking about Muratori followed by Pierazzini, Tramonte, Garbaccio, Pasqualini and others, who brought implantology from empiri- cism to science. (Fig 2). The concept remains the same, that is, the immediate functional loading of one piece im- Fig. 2a_One piece implants by the pioneers of implantology. b. Scialom’s needles. c. Garbaccio’s bicortical implants. d. Pasqualini’s universal biphasic blades. plants (apart from Pasqualini’s universal biphasic blade), (Fig. 3), which emerge from the edge of the alveolar in order to support the prosthetic im- mediately after surgery.3 It is in fact known that the healing/repair of bone tissue is aided by regular, functional activ- ity, which in the oral cavity is represented by the action of the muscles used for mastication, swallowing and by the tongue.4,5 Generally the principle is similar to that of the prosthetic reha- bilitation of the hip or other osseo-articulatory segments, where passive and active movements are required from the irst day after surgery, and immediately after controlled loading, according to Roux and Wolf’s laws of 1892,6 according to which it is the function/movement itself that will stimulate and remodel the bone. There is however a drawback: the functional activity can cause micro implant movements which could be an impediment to the correct healing of the bone. The technique has therefore been improved in the course of time, so much so implants 4_2016 4545