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ePaper created 2017-04-20, 12:07:17 | version 1.38.0
implants_one-piece implants Oral implantology today: surgical protocol, historical facts, diagnostic imaging, biomechanical notes Authors_Enrico Moglioni, Eugenio Pezzuti, Tomasz Grotowski, Luca Dal Carlo, Mike Shulman, Paolo Diotallevi Summary: The increase in life expectancy has led to an ongoing growth in partial or total edentulous patients. As a result, today’s Oral Implantology is characterized by a huge expansion, development, and by the presence of various surgical schools. Consequently, many types of titanium implants are available on the market, characterized by different morphologies for the various surgical techniques applied. The implants that are available on the market can be simple screw in, self-tapping, blade, needle, cylinder, conical and so on. In this study we will provide a concise description of today’s main surgical techniques, with the relative historical facts. We will also present some observations concerning personal clinical and radiological post- surgery check-ups on a group of patients, connecting them to some simple biomechanical concepts. Key word: one-piece implant, immediate loading, electro-welding, biphasic implant, titanium bar. _Immediate Loading Technique This is the classic technique, validated by almost seventy years of experience, where the implant is loaded immediately after its insertion into the bone. A short time after the irst world war, news of studies carried out by some overseas authors1 based on the inclusion of metal elements into the bone to support prosthetics, led to a large amount of related research in Europe, using the most varied types of metals, which culminated in the irst screws used by the Swede, Dahl, but also and especially to spiral implants created and positioned/inserted with favorable results by Formiggini in the 40’s (Fig. 1a). This author, copied by some French surgeons, was met with indiference and even hostility by most of his colleagues. Only a long time after was a con- gress held in his honor in Modena. X-rays of Formiggini’s implants, all fully functional, were presented. Even some of his patients, still us- ing the implants without any problems or any conical reabsorption, a phenomenon which we will discuss later, were invited. Later, in the 60’s Fig. 1a_. Diagram of one of Formiggini’s implants. b. Linkhow type blade implants. Ryc. 1a Ryc. 1b 44 4_2016 44 implants