Fig. 33a Fig. 33b scalers and curettes. The regeneration of the alveolar bone progressed according to the pockets anatomy. 5. Conclusion The successful clinical treatment of very deep peri- odontal localised pockets of 10 mm and more without antibiotics or augmentation procedures can be achieved by consequently following the conventional periodontal therapy principles and by performing ad- junct laser irradiation. and almost painless. To minimise the risk for iatrogen- ically generated tissue damages by laser application, for example overheating or carbonisation of the irra- diated tissues, the applied power settings are laser much lower then generally described in the literature for diode (810 nm) and the Er:YAG (2,940 nm). To achieve the best clinical results, it is indispensable to know the biophysical background of the applied laser wavelengths and to assess correctly the optical prop- erties of the irradiated tissues._ Laser irradiation is a local decontamination of the treated areas by formation of oxygen radicals (PDT) or absorption of the laser energy in the chromophores of the bacteria-like pigments (diode lasers in near infra- red) and water (erbium group in mid-infrared). In ad- dition, the three presented wavelengths have inhibi- tory effects of the inflammation process of the soft tissues after treatment and stimulate wound healing and osseous regeneration. The patients do not expe- rience any uncomfortable side effects from the cor- rect laser application and the wound healing is fast contact Dr Gottfried Gisler, MSc Praxis Dres. med. dent. Gottfried & Vanessa Gisler Bahnhofstr. 14 8708 Männedorf, Switzerland Tel.: +41 44 9200453 info@zahnarzt-gisler.ch www.zahnarzt-gisler.ch Author details Essential Dental Media Dental Tribune International The World’s Largest News and Educational Network in Dentistry www.dental-tribune.com laser_research Fig. 33a: Clinical situation nine years after the beginning of the conventional closed periodontal treat- ment with adjunctive laser therapy. Fig. 33b: Radiological situation. laser 2_2017 4343