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The radiographic measurements found no bone loss in either group. The bone level (mean/ median)atsixmonthswas3.5/2.9 mminthetest groupand3.1/3.3 mminthecontrolgroup,witha gain of 0.7 mm in the test group and 0.8 mm in the control group with respect to the baseline value(Table2d;Figs.4a&b). Discussion The results ofthe present studyshowed that in subjects presenting with localized periodontal disease distalto mandibular second molars the periodontal condition improved at six months afterextraction ofthe adjacent partiallyerupted third molars and subgingival plaque debride- ment.Allofthedistalsitesofthesecondmolars showedaclinicallysignificantreductioninPPD and the radiographic measurements indicated bone gain distal to the second molars for both the test and control groups. The presence of periodontal disease at the second molars adjacent to third molars in sub- jectswith lowseverityofperiodontaldisease in the overall dentition has been reported in other studies.1, 3, 5 None of the patients included in our study had signs of periodontal attachment orbone loss atthe dentition except distaltothe second molar. However, considering the young age ofthe sample (mean age of 27.4, S.D. ± 7.8) and the radiographic mean bone loss distal to the second molar of 4.9 mm (S.D. ± 2.4), the annual rate of bone loss distal to the second molar (if calculated from the age of 17) was ap- proximately 0.4 mm/year. This rate is compa- rabletotheannualboneloss(> 0.2 mm/year)in subjectswith rapid disease progression described inlongitudinalepidemiologicalstudies.16–18 When early stages of periodontal path- ology are detected, the removal of third molars may improve the periodontal status at the dis- tal sites of second molars.6, 7 In our study, both the test and control groups showed relatively goodplaquecontroldistaltothesecondmolars after the removal of the third molars. This may be related to easier access for self-performed plaque controldistaltothe second molars once the third molars had been extracted. The test Volume 1 | Issue 1/2015 57Journal of Oral Science & Rehabilitation Rem ova l of parti ally e ru pte d mandi bu lar thi rd mo lars Plaque Baseline 1 month 6 months Test (16) 16 4 5 Control (17) 17 0 9 All (33) 33 0 14 Tables 2a–e Clinical and radiographic measurements at baseline and at the one- and six-month examinations. Table 2a: Plaque present at the distal sites of second molars. Table 2b: BoP present at the distal sites of second molars. Table 2c: Mean (± S.D.)/median PPD (mm) at the distal sites of second molars. Table 2d: Mean (± S.D.)/median radiographic bone level (mm) at the distal sites of second molars. Table 2e: Number of second molars with distal bone loss with respect to root length. Table 2a BoP Baseline 6 months Te st (16) 14 6 Control (17) 15 8 All (33) 29 14 Table 2b PPD Baseline 6 months Test (16) 7.5 (1.5)/7 4.1 (1.1)/4 Control (17) 7.3 (1.5)/7.5 3.8 (1.4)/4.5 All (33) 7.4 (1.5)/7 4.0 (1.2)/4 Table 2c Baseline 6 months Bone loss Bone loss Bone loss Bone loss Bone loss Bone loss ≤ 1/3 1/3–2/3 > 2/3 ≤ 1/3 1/3–2/3 > 2/3 Test (16) 13 3 0 15 1 0 Control (17) 13 4 0 16 1 0 All (33) 26 7 0 31 2 0 Table 2e Bone loss Baseline 6 months Te st (16) 4.9 (2.4)/3.6 3.5 (1.6)/2.9 Control (17) 4.5 (0.9)/4.2 3.1 (1.4)/3.3 All (33) 4.4 (1.6)/4.1 3.2 (1.5)/3.3 Table 2d Test (16) 1645 Control (17) 1709 All (33) 33014 Te st (16) 146 Control (17) 158 All (33) 2914 Test (16) 7.5 (1.5)/74.1 (1.1)/4 Control (17) 7.3 (1.5)/7.53.8 (1.4)/4.5 All (33) 7.4 (1.5)/74.0 (1.2)/4 ≤ 1/31/3–2/3 > 2/3 ≤ 1/31/3–2/3 > 2/3 Test (16) 13301510 Control (17) 13401610 All (33) 26703120 Te st (16) 4.9 (2.4)/3.63.5 (1.6)/2.9 Control (17) 4.5 (0.9)/4.23.1 (1.4)/3.3 All (33) 4.4 (1.6)/4.13.2 (1.5)/3.3