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Journal of Oral Science & Rehabilitation Issue 01/2015

16 Volume 1 | Issue 1/2015 Journal of Oral Science & Rehabilitation β-TC P b ov in e b iph a s ic bi o mate r i al i ncre ase s bo ne f o rmati o n i n do g mo de l Comparison of new bone formation between biphasic β-TCP bovine vs. β-TCP bovine doped with silicon biomaterials in small and large defects: Experimental study in dogs Abstract Ob jec tive The aim of this study was to assess the bone regeneration of critical-size mandibular defects filled with beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) bovine biomaterial in dogs compared with β-TCPbovine biomaterial dopedwith silicon at 12weeks. Ma teria ls a n d m eth od s Themandibularsecond,thirdandfourthpremolarsofsixBeagle dogs extracted bilaterallywere used in this study. Three experi- mental groups were evaluated: Test A (hydroxyapatite [HA]/β- TCPgranulesalone),TestB(HA/β-TCPgranulesplus3%silicon) andcontrols(emptydefect).Theanimalsweresacrificedateight and 12 weeks. Evaluation was performed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray microtomography (μCT) and histological and histomorphometricanalysis. Res ults HistologicalevaluationshowedahighervolumereductioninTest A compared with Test B (p < 0.05). Test B showed the highest values for cortical defect closure and bone formation around the granules,followedbyTestAandthecontrolgroup(p< 0.05). C on c lus ion Within the limitations ofthis animal study, it can be concluded that HA/β-TCP plus 3% silicon increases bone formation in critical-size defects and the incorporation of 3% silicon re- ducesthe resorption rate ofthe HA/β-TCPgranules. Keyword s Bone graft, bone substitute, β-TCP, bone defect, dog, silicon. Introduction The reconstruction of osseous defects remains an important and unresolved issue in oral sur- gery. During the first year after tooth extrac- tion, about 50% of the buccolingual ridge di- mension will be lost.1 Healing processes after dental extractions include the formation and maturation ofblood clots,the infiltration ofim- mature mesenchymal cells and the formation of a provisional bone matrix.2 Immature bone becomes established quite early on in this processto be replaced laterbymaturetrabecu- lar bone.3 Processes of hard-tissue modeling and remodeling after tooth extraction have been studied in the dog model.4, 5 It was de- monstrated that the socket was first occupied by a coagulum that was replaced by granula- tion tissue, provisional connective tissue and wovenbone.Moreoftenduringthishealingpe- riod, bone loss occurs in the walls surrounding an extraction sitewith a reduction inthe buccal alveolar crest.6–8 There are various alternatives available for the treatment of these osseous defects, the most traditional and long established of these being autogenous bone grafts, used to replace the lost bone. However, this technique has cer- tain disadvantages given that the quantity of available bone is always limited and that it in- volves a second surgical site and thus in- creased cost and treatment time and may lead to further problems at the bone graft donor site, such as bleeding, infection and pain. For this reason, different graft materials have been developedthatareintendedtobringaboutnew bone formation.9–12

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