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ePaper created 2015-11-17, 15:11:47 | version 1.38.0
Both test groups showed significant defect clo- sure in comparison with the control group (p< 0.05;Table2). Residual material: Test B showed a higher per- centage of residual material than did Test A (p< 0.05;Table2). Connectivetissue:Connectivetissuewashigher in the control group (87.32 ± 1.4%) compared withTestsAandB(p< 0.05;Figs.4a–c&Table2). Newbone: Newbone grewatthe defect borders and between the particles in both Tests A and B. In the control group, new bone was only present atthedefectborders.Boneformationcommonly startedinandaroundthe4BONEXBMgraftpar- ticles. The highest amount of new bone was foundinTestB,followedbyTestAandthecontrol group(p< 0.05;Table2). Hi sto lo gi cal de scr i pti o n at 1 2 we e ks Underfluorescencemicroscopy,inbothgroups at 12 weeks of healing, the presence of a hard- tissue bridgethat sealedthe coronal part ofthe extraction socket was observed. The bridge was due to a continued small amount of new bone formation with some areas of mature bone. The material favored the growth of new bone in two different ways: first, by creating a new bridge between the defect walls and, sec- ond, through the actions of its components. At 12 weeks, the defect had completely closed in the group treated with 4BONE XBM plus 3% silicon compared with the group treated with 4BONE XBM alone. This marginal bridge was mainly of woven bone with areas of lamellar bone and some 4BONE XBM granules included inside the new bone (Figs. 4d–f). Volume 1 | Issue 1/2015 21Journal of Oral Science & Rehabilitation β-TCP b ov in e b iph a s ic b iom a teria l i ncre ase s bo ne f o rmati o n i n do g mo de l Figs. 3a–c Figs. 3d–f Figs. 3a–c Micro-CT evaluation of the test groups at eight weeks. The images represent a comparison between the two study times and the different materials tested. Dotted circles show the initial defect size, illustrating the reduction in graft volume in all groups. The control group is not shown, as control defects did not receive any graft material (a). Test A showed an increased reduction in the graft volume (b). Test B showed a medium-volume reduction (c). Figs. 3d–f Micro-CT evaluation of the test groups at 12 weeks. The images represent a comparison between the two study times and the different materials tested. Dotted circles show the initial defect size, illustrating the reduction in graft volume in all groups. The control group is not shown, as control defects did not receive any graft material (d). Test A showed an increased reduction in the graft volume (e). Test B showed a medium-volume reduction (f). a b c d e f Histomorphometry Cortical defect closure Residual material Connective tissue New bone 8 weeks (Mean ± S.D.) (Mean ± S.D.) (Mean ± S.D.) (Mean ± S.D.) Controla 11.23 ± 1.8% — 87.32 ± 1.4%*b, c 14.87 ± 1.5% Test Ab 58.95 ± 3.4% 44.33 ± 2.1% 16.67 ± 1.7% 41.33 ± 1.2%*a Test Bc 68.71 ± 1.2%*b, a 49.86 ± 3.2%*b, a 12.87 ± 1.1% 45.78 ± 1.9%*a * Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Table 2 Table 2 Histomorphometry at eight weeks. Post hoc multiple comparisons showed that cortical defect closure and residual material were higher for Test B, connective tissue was higher for the control group, and new bone formation was higher for Tests A and B in comparison with the control group. Hi sto lo gi cal de scr i pti o n at 12 we e ks