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38 laser 2 2016 newsinternational Better treatment of Dry mouth disorders Will India be the next Big dental market? Tooth analysis finds advantages of Modern humans vs. Neanderthals A new study has now determined the previously largely unknown mechanism that triggers salivary secretion. The researchers from the University of Rochester Medical Center hope that the findings will help advance treatment for many diseases. In the study, the researchers focused on intracel- lular calcium, which is involved in the production and secretion of bodily fluids and regulates such processes as muscle contraction, neurotrans- mitter release, insulin secretion, and gen- eral such as gene expression, proliferation and cell death. It is known that the presence of the inositol 1,4,5-tris- phosphate (IP3) receptor is necessary to increase intracellular calcium. The researchers discovered that all four IP3 molecules are required to activate the channel for calcium to increase in a cell and initiate pro- cesses like fluid secretion. This ensures that the calcium channel only opens under strict condi- tions, avoiding harmful discharge that could kill cells, the researchers explained. The study, titled “Defining the stoichiometry of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate binding required to initiate Ca2+ release,” was pub- lished in the April issue of the Science Signaling journal. It was conducted in collaboration with the University of British Columbia in Canada. The Indian dental care services market is esti- mated to experience a double-digit growth rate, reaching up to US$2.2 billion (147 bn. Indian rupees) by 2020. According to Ken Research, India has already witnessed a compound annual growth rate of 12 per cent for the period of 2010 to 2015 as dental awareness and disposable in- come have increased. Taking into account factors such as continued economic growth and reforms, India might have the potential to become the largest market for dental products and materials worldwide. According to the Indian Dental Association, In- dia’s population of 1.2 billion had access to 180,000 dentists, including 35,000 specialists, in 2014. This number is projected to grow to 300,000 by 2018. Around 5,000 dental labora- tories and 300 dental institutes currently provide basic and advanced oral health care. Expected growth in the number of dental chains will in- crease the share of organised dental clinics across the country. Although the vast majority of dental products are imported from Germany, the US, Italy and Japan, foreign companies continue to invest in India and establish production units. Most importantly, patient demand for better health care facilities has increased. The publication, India dental care service mar- ket outlook to 2020—Increasing awareness on oral care and rising number of organised players to foster future growth, is available online at www.kenresearch.com. The report covers vari- ous aspects, such as market size, structure and segmentation, as well as the demographics of domestic and foreign customers. Dental microwear texture analysis involves the examination and analysis of wear features on tooth surfaces at a sub-micrometre scale. By as- sessing the type and degree of wear on 52 molars that were taken from the remains of European and Levantine individuals from 37 sites dating back to between 500,000 and 12,000 BP, the study examined the possible influence of dietary strategies on human development. The results show that the lineage was capable of adapting to severe fluctuations between climatic cycles of the Ice Age. However, while Neander- thals adapted their diet to the resources that were most readily available and easily accessible, mod- ern humans seemed to have invested more effort in obtaining food resources with the help of tools, for example, for getting at roots in the soil. It is this use of new technology that may have given modern humans a crucial benefit over the Nean- derthals, the researchers concluded. The study, titled “Neanderthal versus modern hu- man dietary responses to climatic fluctuations”, was conducted by researchers from the Univer- sity of Tübingen in cooperation with colleagues from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig in Germany and Stony Brook University and the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville in the US. The results were published online on 27 April in the PLOS ONE journal. © Georges Kyrillos/Shutterstock.com © Nicolas Primola/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com © rungkhun chansri/Shutterstock.com 22016