Ortho Tribune Middle East & Africa No. 3, 2018

Dental Tribune Middle East & Africa Edition | 3/2018 ORTHO TRIBUNE E3 A retrospective study to evaluate the intra-arch dimen- sional changes in moderate crowding cases treated non extraction with a passive self-ligation appliance ance by assessing the pre treatment and post treatment digitized models and lateral cephalograms. The study was formulated as a dou- ble blind study. Methods A total of 20 patients between the age group of 15 - 18 years who had un- dergone non extraction orthodontic treatment with the Damon 3MX (Ormco, San Diego, Calif) appliance were selected. Patients with a full complement of teeth up to erupted second permanent molars with moderate crowding in the maxillary and/or mandibular arch, with skel- etal Class I jaw base relation treated with non-extraction treatment plan were included in the study. Ortho- dontically retreated cases, congenital absence of teeth, aberration in tooth size/shape were excluded. Only those pretreatment and post treatment models and lateral cepha- lograms were selected for scanning which met all the inclusion and exclusion criteria as well whowere treated according to the passive self ligation philosophy as well with the standard wire sequencing. The fol- lowing arch wire sequencing were used: 0.013” / 0.014” Copper Nickel-Tita- nium (Cu Ni-Ti) was in place for 2 - 4 months. Followed by 0.016” x 0.016” Cu Ni-Ti for a minimum period of 2 months or a 0.014” x 0.025” Cu Ni-Ti for a minimumperiod of 2 months 0.016” x 0.025” Cu Ni-Ti for mini- mum of 2 months 0.017” x 0.025” SS, 0.019” x 0.025” Titanium Molybdenum alloy (TMA) finishing wire for minimum period of 2 months. All the pre-treatment and post-treat- ment dental stone models of maxil- lary and mandibular arches were scanned using 3D digital scanner (Maestro 3D, Great lakes, USA) and converted into digital models which could be examined in all the 3 planes of space. Parameters undertaken for study were measured digitally on the com- puter in millimeters which included Intercanine width (C) of maxilla and mandible, Inter-1st premolar width (PM1) of maxilla and mandible, Inter-2nd premolar width (PM2) of maxilla and mandible, Inter-molar width (M1) of maxilla and mandible, Arch depth of maxilla and mandible, Maxillary incisor inclination and Mandibular incisor inclination (Fig- ures 1 - 4). Inter-canine width: Measurements were made from the cusp tips of the right and left canine. Inter-first premolar width: Meas- urements were made between the buccal cusp tips of right and left first premolars. Inter second premolar width: Meas- urements were made between the ÿPage E4 By Vishal Bharadwaj, Gurkeerat Sin- gh, Sridhar Kannan, Raj Kumar Singh, Ashish Gupta,5 Gaurav Gupta, and Abhishek Goyal Background Irregularly placed front teeth is one of the most frequently encountered chief complaint in day to day or- thodontic practice. The etiology for which may be tooth size-arch length deficiency (1-4). This condition can be treated, either by reducing tooth size and/or by increasing arch width and/or arch depth (5-7). In other words, Orthodontists can gain space by expanding the arch anteropos- teriorly or transversely along with other conventional means, depend- ing on the treatment plan. Non-extraction treatment protocols are better accepted by patients as well as clinicians. Among the tech- niques and mechanics with the po- tential to facilitate nonextraction treatment includes headgears, fixed sagittal correctors, transverse expan- sion screws and selfligating systems. Although each of these approaches necessitates an increase in arch length to facilitate alignment with- out extraction, it has been purported that passive self-ligating brackets can induce specific, uniquely stable arch dimensional changes when used with thermalloy archwires (8). Self-ligating brackets (SLB) are not new in orthodontics. They were in- troduced to the specialty nearly a century ago, with the Russell Lock (9) edgewise attachment being de- scribed in 1935. The Damon SL brack- et (10) were introduced in 1996 and have been modified over the years. In the past two decades, there has been an increase in the manufactur- ing and release of self-ligating brack- ets with active or passive ligation modes. The basic advantage of these brackets involves the elimination of certain utilities or materials such as elastomeric modules along with the process or tools associated with their application. This is supposed to bring about several favorable fea- tures to the treatment including, the elimination of potential crosscon- tamination with elastic ligatures, consistently full engagement with- out the undesirable force relaxation of elastomeric modules, reduced risk for enamel decalcification from the elimination of the retentive site for plaque accumulation, reduced friction in sliding mechanics, and assumedlow-magnitude forces re- sulting in fewer side effects (11). Objectives The Objective was to retrospectively evaluate the intraarch dimensional changes in moderate crowding cases, treated non-extraction with a pas- sive self-ligating (Damon 3MX) appli- Fig 1. Scanned Digital Image of Pretreatment and Post Treatment Archwidth of Maxil- lary Arch Fig 2. Scanned Digital Image of Pretreatment and Post Treatment Arch Depth of Maxil- lary Arch Fig 3. Scanned Digital Image of Pretreatment and Post Treatment Arch Width of Mandibular Arch Fig 3. Scanned Digital Image of Pretreatment and Post Treatment Arch Depth of Mandibular Arch

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