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I n d i v i d u a l i z e d t i t a n i u m s c a f f o l d s Parameter Distribution in % (number of cases) Average age Sex Smoker Diabetic Periodontal disease Table 2 Male Female Yes No Not specified No Not specified Yes No Not specified Parameter 56 44 (56) (44) 54.8 ± 13.1 years 12 86 2 98 2 62 37 1 (12) (86) (2) (98) (2) (62) (37) (1) Defect type Location of defect site Surgical access Defect filling Membrane coverage Gingival morphotype Horizontal Vertical Combined Not specified Maxilla Mandible Ridge incision Poncho incision Split-thickness flap Palatal flap (rotational) Tunnel technique Not specified Mixture of autogenous bone and DBBM Bone substitute material Autogenous bone Allograft None Yes No A1 A2 B Not specified Distribution in % (number of cases) 14.8 4.3 79.1 1.7 62.6 37.4 73.9 10.4 7.8 3.5 2.6 1.7 92.2 4.3 1.7 0.9 0.9 68.7 31.3 52.2 4.3 40.9 2.6 (17) (5) (91) (2) (72) (43) (85) (12) (9) (4) (3) (2) (106) (5) (2) (1) (1) (79) (36) (60) (5) (47) (3) average age of 54.8 ± 13.1 years (range: 18–82 years; Table 1). Twelve of the patients were smok- ers (12%). Sixty-two patients presented with periodontitis (62%; Table 1) and were treated by the referring dentist before surgical intervention. Of the 115 defect regions to be augmented, 72 were located in the maxilla (62.6%) and 43 in the mandible (37.4%; Table 2). Seventeen defect regions were horizontal (14.8%), 5 were vertical (4.3%) and the remaining 91 regions had a com- bined defect type (79.1%). For 2 cases, the defect type was not recorded. Sixty of the defect regions presented with thin gingival morphotype A1 (52.2%), 5 with thin gingival morphotype A2 (4.3%) and 47 with thick gingival morphotype B (40.9%; Table 2). The following surgical approaches were used to assess the defect sites: In 85 cases, ridge incision (73.9%); in 12 cases, poncho incision (10.4%); in 9 cases, split-thickness flap (7.8%); in 4 cases, palatal flap (3.5%); and in 3 cases, tunnel technique (2.6%; Table 2). In 2 cases, the surgical approach was not documented. For ridge augmentation, a mixture of autoge- nous bone and DBBM was used in 106 defect regions (92.2%) and other materials in 8 defect regions (6.9%), and in 1 defect region (0.9%), the material used was not docu- mented. The iCTS was covered with a native bilayer collagen membrane in 79 of the defect regions (68.7%) or left uncovered in 36 cases (31.3%; Table 2). Table 1 Demographics and patient history. Total number of patients: N = 100, with 115 defect regions. Table 2 Description of defect regions and surgical procedure. Total number of defect regions: n = 115. Journal of Oral Science & Rehabilitation Volume 4 | Issue 1/2018 41