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F l a p d e t a c h m e n t a n d r e t r a c t i o n i n p e r i a p i c a l s u r g e r y B C D E A Fig. 7A Radiograph of a maxillary second premolar with an apical lesion. Fig. 7B Intraoral photograph of the second premolar with a metal–ceramic crown and slight retraction of the gingival margin. Fig. 7C After flap detachment, a narrow groove is made on the bone tissue, always apical to the lesion of the affected tooth. Fig. 7D Before firmly positioning the retractor, a piece of dressing impregnated with epinephrine is inserted to preserve flap integrity and improve bleeding control. Fig. 7E Positioning of the retractor in the groove, maintaining flap integrity with the help of the interposed piece of dressing. References 1. Arens DE. Practical lessons in endodontic surgery. → Hanover Park: Quintessence; 1998. 216 p. 45-79. 3. Moiseiwitsch JR. Avoiding the mental foramen during periapical surgery. → J Endod. 1995 Jun;21(6):340–2. 2. Peñarrocha Diago M, Martí Bowen E, Bonet Coloma C. Técnica quirúrgica. → In: Peñarrocha M, editor. Cirugía periapical. Barcelona: Ars Medica; 2004. p. 45–79. 6. Tetsch P. Development of raised temperature after osteotomies. → J Maxillofac Surg. 1974 Aug;2(2–3):141–5. 4. Kim S. Soft tissue management: flap designs, retraction and suturing. → In: Kim S, editor. Color atlas of microsurgery in endodontics. Saunders; 2001. p. 75–84. 5. Rubinstein R. Magnification and illumination in apical surgery. → Endod Topics. 2005 Jul;11(1):56–77. 30 Volume 4 | Issue 1/2018 Journal of Oral Science & Rehabilitation