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P r o x i m i t y o f m a n d i b u l a r f i r s t a n d s e c o n d m o l a r s t o I A C Is there a justification for cone beam computed tomography for assessment of proximity of mandibular first and second molars to the inferior alveolar canal: A systematic review Shahnawaz Khijmatgar,a Chitta Chowdhury,a Kumuda Rao,b Sanal Thankappan Swarnadhaic & Nayak Krishnad a Department of Oral Biology and Genomic Studies, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte University, Deralakatte, India b Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte University, Deralakatte, India c Department of Statistics, K.S. Hegde Medical College and Hospital, Nitte University, Deralakatte, India d Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopae- dics, A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte University, Deralakatte, India C o r r e s p o n d i n g a u t h o r : Dr. Shahnawaz Khijmatgar Department of Oral Biology and Genomic Studies A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences Nitte University Deralakatte—575018 Mangalore, Karnataka India khijmatgar.s@gmail.com H o w t o c i t e t h i s a r t i c l e : Khijmatgar S, Chowdhury C, Rao K, Thankappan Swarnadhai S, Krishna N. Is there a justification for cone beam computed tomography for assessment of proximity of mandibular first and second molars to the inferior alveolar canal: A systematic review. J Oral Science Rehabilitation. 2017 Dec;3(4):48–56. Abstract O b j e c t i v e The objective of this review was to determine the distance from the apices of mandibular first and second molars to the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). D a t a s o u r c e s a n d s t u d y s e l e c t i o n Articles published between the period of 1988 to 2016 were included. This review included mandibular first and second molar studies that sought to observe proximity to the IAC using 3-D imaging modalities. The authors developed specific search strategies for PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science and evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies using criteria from the PICO protocol. Articles that aimed at determining the distance of the apices of mandibular first or second molars or both from the IAC and that used CBCT as an imaging modality were included in the study. R e s u l t s This review identified an average mean distance of 7.3 mm (range: 0.00–14.71 mm) from the apices of mandibular first and second molars from the IAC. The mean difference (IV, fixed, 95% CI) for first molars in women was 0.29 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.48) and for second molars was 0.50 (95% CI: -0.00, 1.01) compared with 0.31 (95% CI: 0.08, 0.54) for first molars in men and 0.23 (95% CI: -0.51, 0.98) for second molars on both sides of the mandible. C o n c l u s i o n We can conclude that an approximate average mean distance of 7.3 mm is present between the IAC and the apices of mandibular molars. K e y w o r d s Radiology, CT imaging, imaging, surgical techniques, occlusion, stoma- tog nathic physiology. 48 Volume 3 | Issue 4/2017 Journal of Oral Science & Rehabilitation