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ePaper created 2017-09-12, 09:26:18 | version 1.38.0
Material and method 99 endodontic treatments of teeth with open apical foramen were taken from the files of the practice ex- amined in this study in the years 1985 through 2006. Treatment method was the so-called N2 method ac- cording to Sargenti and Richter(1954), which meant: no canal rinsing and application of the paraform- aldehyde-containing N2. Rubberdam was not used. The N2 powder contained 7 % formaldehyde before admission by the EU, afterwards the content was decreased to 5 %. Four cases were excluded: · A non-vital case where the initial X-ray did not clearly reveal whether the apical radiolucency of both roots were a matter of apical periodontitis or apical papilla. · A VitA-case was extracted alio loco a few days up to 18 months after VitA. · X-ray was insufficient in the third case, VitE of an · upper molar In the fourth case, the patient did not show up again after devitalization of an upper premolar. Thus, 95 cases to be judged remained, of which only two non-vital teeth were treated in a two-stage therapy. 93 cases were treated in one appointment inclusive definite filling. For root canal filling, the N2 powder was mixed with N2 liquid to a creamy texture, a harder con- sistency was needed for VitA. N2 application for root canal filling was done by lentulo, for VitA a carrier in- strument was used to bring the material into the exca- vated pulp cavity up to 1–2 mm into the canal accesses. The 95 anonymous made cases were clinically fol- lowed-up without recall at an average of 73 months after treatment. 75 cases underwent X-ray control (follow-up X-ray) after an average of 70 months; 64 cases as single-tooth X-ray in parallel technique and 11 cases as orthopantomogram. | study treatments of teeth with open apical foramen Fig. 3a Case 1: Male (born 5 June 1987): Tooth 35 Fig. 3a: 18 March 1997 ante pulpotomy. Fig. 3b: 18 March 1997 post pulpotomy. Fig. 3c: 6 May 2005 status. Aside from the therapy with various medicaments, the ‘revascularization’ therapy was established also (Ham et al. 1972, Hülsmann et al. 2008, Bose et al. 2009, Cehreli et al. 2012, Garcia-Gody and Murray 2011) provoking a light bleeding into the pulp by punction beyond the apex. Dressing is placed coro- nary: MTA, calcium hydroxide, formocresol or a triple antibiotic paste. The latter one provided thicker canal walls than calcium hydroxide respectively formo- cresol. Also the length growth was stronger versus MTA application (Ebeleseder 2004). Based on the knowledge that formaldehyde prepa- rations have a similar (necrotizing, osteogenic) effect to the pulp like calcium hydroxide, the secondary au- thor of this study as long-time owner of a general dental practice suggested an analysis of his endo- dontic treatment cases with open apical foramen regarding apexification/apexogenesis, which had been carried out by Joschko (2013) as then doctoral candidate from which this article reports. Fig. 3b Fig. 3c 08 roots 3 2017