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ePaper created 2017-01-11, 10:22:38 | version 1.38.0
Journal of Oral Science & Rehabilitation 48 Volume 2 | Issue 4/2016 D e f i n i t i o n o f p e r i i m p l a n t i t i s BOP and/or SUP were prerequisite in all of the analyzedstudies.Inmostofthestudies,thecom- bination of clinical and radiographic measure- ments were used for case definition. In two pro- spective studies,32, 33 the radiographic MBLwere not reported, and clinical measurements alone were used to assess biological complications. In these cases, the presence of BOP and/or SUP on probing and PPD ≥ 4 mm were prerequisite for a diagnosis of periimplantitis. In nine studies, one randomized controlled trial,34 three prospec- tive35–37 and five retrospective studies,38–42 BOP and radiographic assessments were performed alone,withoutreportinganyPPDmeasurements. In these cases, a MBL ranging from 0.5 mm39 to > 4 mm34 was considered to be associated with periimplantitis. Before 2012, changes in the level of crestal bone were either not defined or not clearly re- ported, making the diagnosis of periimplantitis difficult.6, 8, 32, 33, 41, 43–49 However, even in studies that defined the entity of MBL, different diagno- stic criteria were used. In one long-term study, periimplantitis was defined as the presence of BOP,PPD≥4mmandMBL>0.5mm.39 However, another study used MBL > 4 mm as a reference value.34 Most of the studies considered MBL > 2 mm for the diagnosis of periimplanti- tis.36, 50–54 Previously, our group used a radiogra- phic MBL > 3 mm, from the baseline radiograph taken at the time of prosthesis delivery, to diag- nose periimplantitis.19, 55, 56 Inthree otherstudies, MBL was considered in relation to the time that the prosthesis was in function.35, 57, 58 All of the studies butfive calculated MBLin millimeters. In the otherstudies,the implantthreadswere used as reference.36, 42, 58–60 Eight studies applied PPD > 5 mm for the diagnosis of periimplantitis.43, 44, 47, 53, 59, 61–63 Mar- rone et al. defined periimplantitis as the presen- ceofBOP,PPD>5mmandMBL>2mm.51 Chara- lampakis et al. applied the criteria of the presence of BOP and/or SUP, PPD ≥ 5 mm and MBL≥1.8mmafteroneyearinfunction.57 Zetter- Probing pocket depth > 5 mm 36% 3–5 mm 64% Fig. 2 Fig. 2 Percentage of the included studies relating to different PPD ranges used to define periimplantitis.