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roots - international magazine of endodontology No. 2, 2016

| CE article dual wavelength laser 14 roots 2 2016 ular,reducesalltheserisksanddisadvantages,thanks tothepositionofthetipinthecoronalorificeonlyand totheuseofminimallyablativeenergylevelsof20 mJ or less. The findings of our studies demonstrated that PIPS techniqueresultedinasafeandeffectivedebridingand decontaminatingtherootcanalsystem.Ourclinicaltri- als showed that PIPS technique greatly simplifies root canaltherapywhilefacilitatingthesearchfortheapical terminus,debridingandmaintainingpatency. As a result of the efficacy of PIPS the final size re- quiredforcanalshapingcanbesignificantlyreduced, often to a size 25/04, allowing for a more minimally invasive and biomimetic preparation which can then be obturated three dimensionally. Conclusion Lasers are an extremely versatile addition to the dentalpracticeandcanbeusedinmanyinstancesin- stead of the conventional methods employed by the vast majority of dentists. Incorporating a laser in the dental practice should be viewed as an investment ratherthanacost.Whenusedwithagoodknowledge oflaserphysics,trainingandsafety,lasersprovideour patients a new standard of dental care._ References [1] Weichman JA,Johnson FM.Laser use in endodontics.A prelimi- nary investigation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1971 Mar;31(3):416–20. [2] Pini R, Salimbeni R,Vannini M, Barone R, Clauser C. Laser den- tistry: a new application of excimer laser in root canal therapy. Lasers Surg Med.1989;9(4):352–357. [3] Shirasuka T, Wakabayashi H, Debari K, Kodaka T, Ahmed S, Matsumoto K.Morphologic changes in human tooth enamel by continuous-wave Nd-YAG laser irradiation. Showa Shigakkai Zasshi. 1990 Jun;10(2):206–215. [4] MyersTD.Lasersindentistry.CDSRev.1991Sep;84(8):26–29. [5] Gutknecht N,BehrensVG.Instrumentation of root canal walls with Nd-YAG laser. ZWR. 1991 Oct;100(10):748–750, 752, 755. [6] StabholzA,Moshonov J,Rotstein I.Lasers in endodontics.Rev Belge Med Dent. 1992;47(4):9–15. Review. [7] SchoopU,KlugerW,MoritzA,NedjelikN,GeorgopoulosA,Sperr W. Bactericidal effect of different laser systems in the deep layers of dentin. Lasers Surg Med. 2004;35(2):111–116. [8] Kaitsas V, Signore A, Fonzi L, Benedicenti S, Barone M. Effects of Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the root canal wall dentin of hu- man teeth: a SEM study. Bull Group Int Rech Sci Stomatol Odontol. 2001 Sep-Dec;43(3):87–92. [9] Takeda FH, Harashima T, Kimura Y, Matsumoto K. Efficacy of Er:YAG laser irradiation in removing debris and smear layer on root canal walls. J Endod. 1998 Aug;24(8):548–551. [10] Varella CH, Pileggi R. Obturation of root canal system treated by Cr, Er: YSGG laser irradiation. J Endod. 2007 Sep;33(9): 1091–1093. Epub 2007 Jul 5. [11] George R, Meyers IA,Walsh LJ. Laser activation of endodontic irrigants with improved conical laser fiber tips for removing smear layer in the apical third of the root canal. J Endod. 2008 Dec;34(12):1524–1527. Epub 2008 Oct 2. [12] De Moor RJ, Meire M, Goharkhay K, Moritz A,Vanobbergen J. Efficacy of ultrasonic versus laser-activated irrigation to re- move artificially placed dentin debris plugs. J Endod. 2010 Sep;36(9):1580–3. Macedo R.G., Wesselink1 P. R., Zaccheo F., Fanali D., van der Sluis L.W.M. Reaction rate of NaOCl in contact with bovine dentine: effect of activation, exposure time, concentration and pH. International Endodontic Journal, 43, 1108–1115, 2010. [13] DiVito E, Peters OA, Olivi G. Effectiveness of the Erbium:YAG laser and new design radial and stripped tips in removing the smear layer after root canal instrumentation. Lasers Med Sci. 2010 Dec 1. [Epub ahead of print] [14] DiVito E., Colonna M., Olivi G. The Photoacoustic Efficacy of an Er:YAG Laser with Radial and Stripped Tips on Root Canal Dentin Walls: An SEM Evaluation. J Laser Dent 2011;19(1): 156–161. [15] Peters OA,Bardsley S,Fong J,Pandher G,Divito E.Disinfection of Root Canals with Photon-initiated Photoacoustic Streaming. J Endod. 2011 Jul;37(7):1008–12. Epub 2011 May 7. [16] BlankenJ,DeMoorRJ,MeireM,VerdaasdonkR.Laserinduced explosive vapor and cavitation resulting in effective irrigation of the root canal. Part 1: a visualization study. Lasers Surg Med. 2009 Sep;41(7):514–519. [17] DeMoorRJ,BlankenJ,MeireM,VerdaasdonkR.Laserinduced explosive vapor and cavitation resulting in effective irrigation of the root canal. Part 2: evaluation of the efficacy. Lasers Surg Med. 2009 Sep;41(7):520–523. [18] Gutknecht N., A new treatment concept in endodontics–the laser supported crown-down technique. 12th Congress of World Federation for Laser Dentistry (WFLD), Dubai;Confer- ence Booklet; 2011:22. about Dr Lawrence Kotlow,DDS, has been in private dental practice inAlbany,NY,since 1974.He is board certified in pediatric dentistry.He is a recognized standard proficiency course provider for the Academy of Laser Dentistry. Dr Enrico DiVito,DDS, is an Adjunct Professor at theArizona School of Dentistry and Oral Health.He is in private practice at theArizona Center for Laser Dentistry in Scottsdale,AZ, in conjunction with MDATG research group. Dr Giovanni Olivi,MD,DDS, is a Professor of endodontics at the University of Genoa School of Dentistry,where he is director for the Laser in Dentistry Master Course with Prof.S.Benedicenti. He is in private practice in Rome,Italy. Fig.5: New tapered tip design for this technique. Fig.5 22016

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