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ePaper created 2016-03-07, 22:38:59 | version 1.38.0
Journal of Oral Science & Rehabilitation 70 Volume 2 | Issue 1/2016 Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 1 A lateral incisor at the baseline. Fig. 2 The implant-supported restoration after five years. gin while probing the buccal sulcus of the max- illary central incisor.15 Patients who had under- gone implanttreatmentwith hard- orsoft-tissue graftingbeforeimplantplacementandperiodon- tally compromised patients were excluded too. Allofthe patients read and signed awritten con- sentformforimmediate implant placement.The studyprotocolwasconductedinaccordancewith the Declaration of Helsinki of 1975, as revised in 2007. The local ethics committee approved the study protocol. S u r g i c a l a n d p r o s t h e t i c p r o c e d u r e Acomplete examination ofthe oralhard and soft tissue was carried out for each patient, and the implant placement was planned based on clini- cal and radiographic evaluation. Surgery was performed under local anesthesia, obtained by infiltrating 4% articaine containing 1:100,000 epinephrine(Ubistesin,3MESPE,St.Paul,Minn., U.S.). A mesiodistal crestal incision was made and a full-thickness flapwas reflected, exposing the alveolar ridge. Preparation of implant sites was carried out with spiral drills of increasing diameter (2.8 mm to place an implant with a 3.3 mm diameter; 2.8 and 3.5 mm to place an implant with a 4.1 mm diameter; an additional 4.2 mm drill was used to prepare the site for an implant with a 4.8 mm diameter), under con- stant irrigation. Implants were positioned at the bone crest level.The implant system used inthis study (Leone Implant System, Leone, Florence, Italy) is characterized by a cone Morse tapered- interference fit locking taper combined with an internal hexagon. The Morse taper has a taper angle of 1.5°. Temporaryabutmentswere placed and all of the patients received a temporary acrylic resin crown cemented with a temporary cement (TempBond, Kerr, Orange, Calif., U.S.). None of the temporary crowns were in full contact in centric occlusion. The flaps were properly mo- bilized and repositioned to cover the implants and were secured in position with interrupted sutures (Supramid,Novaxa, Milan, Italy). E s t h e t i c e v a l u a t i o n o f i m p l a n t s a f t e r o r t h o d o n t i c s p a c e o p e n i n g t r e a t m e n t