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cone beam – international magazine of cone beam dentistry

case report _ CBCT in diagnosis I styloid process, yet only 10.3% of them exhibit symptoms. It is more common in women (1:3 ratio) and occurrence increases after the age of 40.3–7 _Aetiology Aetiologically, patients are classified into those who have undergone tonsillectomy and those who have not had their tonsils surgically removed but with the same symptoms. Other theories exist, but the following are the most significant:1,4,7,10–12 _Congenital origin: due to the persistence of a carti- laginous element connected to the temporal bone _Meta-orpost-traumaticorigin:originatesfrompar- tialortotalcalcificationofthestylohyoidligament _Anatomical origin: where the theory of ossification is related to mandibular growth, due primarily to theproximitybetweenthefirstandsecondpharyn- geal arches and second due to the functional stim- ulationofthestylohyoidligamentderivedfrompoor mandibular positioning, which generates ossifica- tion of this structure. _Pathophysiology As previously mentioned, the majority of patients are asymptomatic, and there is no relation between the size of the styloid process and the symptoms. The symptomscanvaryfrommildtosevere,dependingon the degree of adaptation and proximity to the sur- rounding structures. Themostimportantsurroundingstructuresareas follows:4 _Medially: internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein,glossopharyngealnerve,hypoglossalnerveand vagus nerve _Laterally: external carotid artery _Posteriorly:facialnerveandglossopharyngealnerve. I 25cone beam4_2015 Study Measurement Moffat 1.52–4.77 cm Kaufman < 3 cm Correl et al. < 2.5 cm Linderman 2–3 cm Langlais et al. < 2.5 cm Monsour & Young < 4 cm Montalbetti et al. < 2.5 cm Table 1 Table 1_The size considered normal varies according to several studies. Fig. 4a Fig. 4b Fig. 4c

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