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cone beam – international magazine of cone beam dentistry

I special _ digital technologies _CAD/CAM technologies in implant prosthetics Closelyconnectedtocomputer-assistedimplant planning is the CAD/CAM technology (Computer- Aided Designing/Computer-Assisted Manufactur- ing), which has significantly changed the dental medicine in the course of the past twenty years.7 The more parallel dental implants can be planned and clinically placed, the easier and more stable the design (Fig. 2) of CAD/CAM frameworks/FDPs (FixedDentalProstheses)andbarsmadeoftitanium or zirconia can be kept. These materials are also characterised by improved technical and biological features. Consequently, technical and biological complications are to be expected less often.8, 9 Depending on the connection type of implant systems, also full-ceramic reconstructions can be screwed together directly on the implant’s level (Fig. 3). The fitting accuracy of implant-borne CAD/ CAM-titanium and -zirconia reconstructions are significantly higher than the conventionally pro- duced bridges with cast alloys.10 By now, most of the major manufacturers offer their own CAD/CAM systems and have centralised production facilities for manufacture of frameworks and bridges at theirdisposal.Thus,afittingaccuracybelow50µm (Figs. 4 & 5) seems routinely possible for full-arch reconstructions with the required care and know- how of the production process.11-13 The CAD/CAM production is specific for metals like titanium and ceramics, as for example zirco- nia. For milling with CNC-machines, especially suitedmillingcuttersareused.Afterthemillingof zirconia in the overdimensioned green-/white- body, the final crystallisation (sintering and HIP) of the work piece is made. Despite of automated and mechanical processes, the CAM step requires the experience of specialised engineers who are able to oversee the processes and step in if problems occur. Thecurrentdevelopmenteffortsandadvance- ments take place in the area of software possi- bilities and the connection of individual digital subareas. Thereby, a universal data format (STL) enables the forwarding of data by intra- or extra- oral scanners via CAD- and CAM software. How- ever, it probably might take some time until the various providers will open their systems com- pletely and thus enable users to freely choose between the digital work steps._ Editorial note: A list of references is available from the publisher. Figs. 4 & 5_Fitting accuracy below 50 µm is possible for CAD/CAM full-arch reconstructions providing passive fit with minimal stress. 10 I cone beam3_2015 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 PD Dr med.dent.Joannis Katsoulis,MAS Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology School of Dental Medicine University of Bern Freiburgstr.7 3010 Bern Switzerland joannis.katsoulis@zmk.unibe.ch cone beam_contact

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