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Dental Tribune South African Edition

2 News Dental Tribune South African Edition - February 2015 GROUP EDITOR Daniel Zimmermann newsroom@dental-tribune.com Tel.: +49 341 48 474 107 CLINICAL EDITOR Magda Wojtkiewicz ONLINE EDITORS Yvonne Bachmann Claudia Duschek COPY EDITORS Sabrina Raaff, Hans Motschmann PUBLISHER/PRESIDENT/CEO Torsten Oemus CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER Dan Wunderlich BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT MANAGER Claudia Salwiczek JR. MANAGER BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT Sarah Schubert EVENTS MANAGER Lars Hoffmann MARKETING SERVICES Nadine Dehmel SALES SERVICES Nicole Andrä EVENT SERVICES Esther Wodarski PROJECT MANAGER ONLINE Martin Bauer MEDIA SALES MANAGERS Matthias Diessner (Key Accounts) Melissa Brown (International) Peter Witteczek (Asia Pacific) Weridiana Mageswki (Latin America) Maria Kaiser (USA) Hélène Carpentier (Europe) Barbora Solarova (Eastern Europe) ACCOUNTING Karen Hamatschek, Anja Maywald, Manuela Hunger ADVERTISING DISPOSITION Marius Mezger EXECUTIVE PRODUCER Gernot Meyer Dental Tribune International Holbeinstr. 29, 04229 Leipzig, Germany Tel.: +49 341 48 474 302 | Fax: +49 341 48 474 173 www.dental-tribune.com info@dental-tribune.com Dental Tribune Asia Pacific Limited Room A, 20/F, Harvard Commercial Building, 105–111 Thomson Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong Tel.: +852 3113 6177 | Fax: +852 3113 6199 Tribune America, LLC 116 West 23rd Street, Ste. 500, New York, N.Y. 10011, USA Tel.: +1 212 244 7181 | Fax: +1 212 244 7185 © 2015, DENTAL TRIBUNE INTERNATIONAL GMBH. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Dental Tribune makes every effort to report clinical information and manufacturer’s product news accurately, but cannot assume responsibility for the validity of product claims, or for typographical errors. The publishers also do not assume responsibility for product names or claims, or statements made by advertisers. Opinions expressed by authors are their own and may not reflect those of Dental Tribune International. DENTAL TRIBUNE SOUTH AFRICA Modern Dentistry Media PO Box 76021 Wendywood 2144 South Africa Tel: +27 11 702 3195 | Fax: +27 86-568-1116 www.moderndentistrymedia.com PUBLISHER Ursula Jenkins ursula@moderndentistrymedia.com ADMINISTRATION Jane Wilson DESIGN & LAYOUT C Designz LICENSING BY DENTAL TRIBUNE INTERNATIONAL DENTAL TRIBUNEThe World’s Dental Newspaper · South African Edition Dental Tribune South Africa JOHANNESBURG, SA. The 15th Student Clinician Programme, a South African Dental Association initiative in partnership with Dentsply hosted its 15th Awards dinner in Johannesburg in 2014. The winner was Corné de Witt of the University of Pretoria, supervised by Prof Leanne Sykes, with his research titled, ‘Evaluation of methods used to create a posterior palatal seal in complete dentures’. The other finalists were: Ms. Raihaanah Dyason, (University of the Western Cape), Grace Hong, Naseem Bham, Kevin Lai (University of the Witwatersrand), Karina Irusa (University of Nairobi-Dental School), Maxine Lundall (University of Pretoria), Robert Muyia (University of Nairobi-Dental School), Shaun Rossouw and Luzaan van Zyl (University of the Western Cape). The Dentsply Student Clinician Program begun in 1959 in the USA and since then there have been over 5000 students participate in it. Currently there are 17 programs across 36 countries worldwide. In 1999 SADA and Denstply formed a partnership in hosting the program. Dental Tribune International CLEVELAND, USA: Researchers at Case Western Reserve University in the U.S. have discovered that byproducts of bacteria involved in periodontal disease are able to reactivate HIV in dormant T cells and cause the virus to replicate. Their findings may help explain why HIV patients with severe periodontitis have high levels of residual virus in their saliva and plasma, and suggest that HIV patients could benefit significantly from periodontal therapy. In their study, which was recently published in the Virology journal, the researchers examined metabolic short-chain fatty acids from periodontal pathogens in particular. They observed that five short-chain fatty acid byproducts from two prevalent oral bacteria, namely Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, are involved in activating T cells carrying latent HIV-1. According to co-investigator Dr. Fengchun Ye, an assistant professor at the university's School of Dental Medicine, all humans have a reservoir of dormant T cells that are activated in response to inflammation to ward off infection in the body. However, in contrast to those in healthy people, these T cells can carry the latent HIV-1 virus in patients with HIV. The bacterial byproducts then act much like a jumper cable on a dead battery, Ye explained. The findings contribute to a better overall understanding of the little-researched microbiome in HIV disease and further support the notion that early treatment of bacterial infections is very important for dental patients with HIV. The study, titled "Short Chain Fatty Acids Potently Induce Latent HIV-1 in T-cells by Activating P-TEFb and Multiple Histone Modifications," was published in the January issue of the Virology journal. Byproducts of periodontal bacteria could induce latent HIV Dentsply/SADA 2014 Student Clinician Programme Finalists in the 2014 Dentsply/SADA Student Clinician Programme Corné de Witt, winner of the 2014 Dentsply/SADA Student Clinician Programme Dental Tribune International FREIBURG, Germany: German researchers have developed a method to detect the presence of morphine, cocaine and ecstasy in teeth, among other drugs and their metabolites. The method, which requires only very little sample material, was based on specially prepared bovine teeth and has been successfully applied to the analysis of archaeological human material. It could benefit the work of forensic pathologists, anthropologists and archaeologists. Teeth are often all that remains of the dead. Until now, there has been no means of using them in drug testing. Researchers at the University of Freiburg Medical Center, led by Dr Merja Neukamm and Prof. Volker Auwärter from the Institute of Forensic Medicine and Prof. Markus Altenburger of the Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, have now been able to successfully apply dentine to drug analysis. “It has long been unclear whether tooth substance can generally be used for the detection of drugs or medication. Our study proves that it can,” said Auwärter, head of forensic toxicology at the medical centre. “The method can be used to detect even the smallest quantities of drugs.” The researchers developed the procedure based on the dentine of bovine teeth, which has a structure that largely corresponds to that of human dentine but is guaranteed to be contamination free. For the detection of morphine, codeine, ecstasy, MDEA, amphetamine, methamphetamine, cocaine and a cocaine metabolite, only 0.05 g of tooth substance was needed. The drugs and metabolites were extracted from 50 mg of ground dentine powder by ultrasonication for 60 minutes in methanol three times. For their study, the researchers placed the bovine dentine in an environment similar to that of the mouth. “In order to replicate the pathways of drugs as naturally as possible, we simulated mild dental caries," explained senior physician Altenburger. After nine days of application, the researchers analysed the tooth parts using a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer in multiple reaction monitoring mode and were able to detect the respective drug. The new method offers a new analysis tool not only for forensic pathologists but also for anthropologists and archaeologists, as the efficient use of sample material is of great importance to them. In another analysis based on the new method, the researchers examined a human tooth from the early Iron Age. “We were able to detect residue of betel nut in a 2,000-year-old tooth,” said Neukamm. For thousands of years, betel nut has been chewed as a stimulant and appetite suppressant in South-East Asia. The researchers now intend to expand their research by using human teeth from the deceased to investigate the influence of oral flora and the exact storage mechanism in the teeth. The study, titled “Determination of drugs of abuse in bovine dentin using liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry”, was published in the December issue of the Journal of Mass Spectrometry. Novel dentine test indicates drug and medication use Researchers developed the new method using specially prepared bovine teeth (left). Via dentinal tubules, drugs can enter into and be stored in the tooth (right; shown here at 3,000× magnification). (Images: Neukamm/ Altenburger, Medical Center — University of Freiburg) Tel.: +4934148474107 Tel.: +4934148474302 | Fax: +4934148474173 Tel.: +85231136177 | Fax: +85231136199 Tel.: +12122447181 | Fax: +12122447185 Tel: +27117023195 | Fax: +2786-568-1116

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