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ePaper created 2015-03-06, 14:42:46 | version 1.33.01
_CAD/CAM technology and materials are cur- rently used in a number of clinical applications, including the fabrication of indirect restorations. CAD/CAM gives both the dentist and the laboratory an opportunity to automate fixed restoration fabri- cation. Both chairside and chairside–laboratory in- tegrated procedures are available. The properties of these restorative materials and their indications and appropriate use must be understood in order to enable the achievement of predictable and aesthetic results for patients. _Introduction In the past decade, the demand for all-ceramic restorationshasincreasedinbothanteriorandposte- rior teeth and the search for materials with improved properties has expanded.1 The need for a uniform material quality, reduction in production cost, and standardisation of manufacturing process has en- couraged researches to seek to automate the manual process via the use of CAD/CAM technology since 1980.2 Computer-aided design (CAD) and computer- aided manufacturing (CAM) technology systems use computers to collect information and design, and to manufacture a wide range of products.3 The intro- duction of the first digital intraoral scanner for restorative dentistry was in the 1980s by a Swiss dentist, Dr Werner Mörmann, and an Italian electrical engineer, Marco Brandestini, that developed the con- cept for what was to be introduced in 1987 as CEREC by Sirona Dental Systems LLC, the first commercially CAD/CAM system for dental restorations.4,5 Ever since research and development sectors at a lot of com- panies have improved the technologies and created in-officeintraoralscanners. All the existing intraoral scanners try to face with problemsanddisadvantagesoftraditionalimpression fabrication process and are driven by several non- contactopticaltechnologiesandprinciples. Thepurposeofthispresentpublicationistoprovide an extensive review on the CAD/CAM technology and to emphasise the application of this technology in restorativedentistry. _CAD/CAM techniques The major goals of the impression-taking process in restorative dentistry are obtaining a copy of one or several prepared teeth, healthy adjacent and an- tagonist teeth, establishing a proper interocclusal relationshipandthenconvertingthisinformationinto accurate replicas of the dentition on which indirect restorationscanbeperformed.6 Traditionalrestorativetechniquesforfixedrestora- tionsrequiretheuseofimpressionmaterialstorecord the contours and dimensions of the preparation. This I review _ CAD/CAM Fig. 1_Scanning the preparation. Fig. 2_Drawing the limit line. 22 I CAD/CAM 1_2015 Fig. 2Fig. 1 CAD/CAMTechnology: a review Authors_Drs Cynthia Kassis, Pierre Khoury, Tatiana Zogheib, Louis Hardan & Prof. Mehanna Carina, Lebanon CAD0115_22-26_Kassis 02.03.15 12:47 Seite 1 CAD0115_22-26_Kassis 02.03.1512:47 Seite 1