Dental Tribune Pakistan Edition

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Hasan hashim.hasan@dental-tribune.com.pk Editor Clinical Research: Dr. Inayatullah Padhiar Editors Research & Public Health Prof. Dr. Ayyaz Ali Khan Editorial Assistance Dr. Ahmed Ali Editor - Online Haseeb Uddin Graphics Designer Sh. M. Sadiq Ali Dental Tribune Pakistan 3rd floor, Mahmood Centre, BC-11, Block-9 Clifton, Karachi, Pakistan. Tel.: +92 21 35378440-2 | Fax: +92 21 35836940 www.dental-tribune.com.pk info@dental-tribune.com.pk Dental Tribune Pakistan cannot assume responsibility for the validity of product claims or for typographical errors. The publisher also does not assume responsibility for product names or statements made by advertisers. Opinions expressed by authors are their own and may not reflect of Dental Tribune Pakistan. 2 DENTAL TRIBUNE Pakistan Edition September 2014 EICESTER, UK: Isotope analysis of bone and tooth material from King Richard III has revealed previously unknown details of his early life and the change in his diet when he became king 26 months before being killed at the Battle of Bosworth. The research, conducted by the British Geological Survey in collaboration with researchers at the University of Leicester, examined the changes in chemistry in the teeth, the femur and the rib, all of which develop and remodel at different stages of life. Isotope measurements that relate to geographical location, pollution and diet (strontium, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon and lead) were analysed in three locations on the skeleton of Richard III. The teeth, which form in childhood, confirmed that Richard had moved from Fotheringay Castle in eastern England by the time he was 7. The data suggest that during this time he was in an area of higher rainfall, older rocks and with a changed diet relative to his place of birth in Northamptonshire. By examining the femur, which represents an average of 15 years before death, the researchers found that Richard had moved back to eastern England as an adolescent or young adult, and had a diet typical of that of the highest aristocracy. The third location, the rib, renews itself relatively quickly, so it only represents between two and five years before death. Data from the isotopes in this bone indicate the greatest change in diet. Although an alteration in the chemistry between the femur and the rib of Richard III could indicate relocation, historical records show that Richard did not move from the east of England in the two years prior to his death. As such, this chemical change is more likely to represent a change in diet relating to his period as king. The difference suggests an increase in consumption of fresh-water fish and birds, which were popular additions to royal banquets at the time and included birds, such as swan, crane, heron and egret. In addition, the bone chemistry suggests he drank more wine during his short reign as king and reinforces the idea that food and drink were strongly linked to social status in Medieval England. Dr Angela Lamb, isotope geochemist and lead author of the paper, said: “The chemistry of Richard III’s teeth and bones reveal changes in his geographical movements, diet and social status throughout his life.” Richard Buckley, OBE, from the University of Leicester Archaeological Services and lead archaeologist in the Richard III dig said, “This cutting edge research has provided a unique opportunity to shed new light on the diet and environment of a major historical figure— Richard III. It is very rare indeed in archaeology to be able to identify a named individual with precise dates and a documented life. This has enabled the stable- isotope analysis to show how his environment changed at different times in his life and, perhaps most significantly, identified marked changes in his diet when he became king in 1483.” The study, titled “Multi-isotope analysis demonstrates significant lifestyle changes in King Richard III”, was published online on 16 August in the Journal of Archaeological Science ahead of print. L ULSA, Okla., USA: An oral surgeon from Tulsa accused of exposing patients to HIV and hepatitis has lost his license to practice. Investigations against the 66-year-old were launched in summer 2012, after notification from dental licensing agencies of alleged unsafe injection practices in his office. Authorities found numerous violations of health and safety laws, and major violations of the State DentalAct of Oklahoma. “The case is closed with us at this point,” said Oklahoma Board of Dentistry President James Sparks during a meeting last week, just after the board had voted to accept the permanent surrender of the oral surgeon’s license. According to the website www.tulsaworld.com, which reported on the case, the accused did not attend the meeting. Former patients have filed lawsuits against the man, whose practice was found to contain rusted instruments and a disorganized drug cabinet with expired medicines, and to have improper sterilization procedures and insufficient infection control measures in place. Additionally, it is alleged that staff in the surgeon’s practice had taken radiographs without the required authorization. Officials also learned that he allowed dental assistants in the office to perform intravenous sedation, despite not being trained or permitted to do so. The given number of patients who could possibly be infected with HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C owing to the unsanitary conditions varies between 4,000 and 7,000. According to the website, more than 4,200 former patients were tested free of charge at clinics in the Tulsa area, and 89 tested positive for hepatitis C, five for hepatitis B and four for HIV. However, whether infection transmission did indeed occur at the oral surgeon’s practice has only been proven in one case thus far. A gene test confirmed that a patient had contracted hepatitis C from a visit to the practice. The oral surgeon had already stopped practicing voluntarily in spring 2013 and moved to Arizona. After hepatitis accusation: Oral surgeon permanently surrenders license DT International Report DT International Report T Teeth reveal details of Richard III’s lifestyle Editor - Online Haseeb Uddin Tel.:+4934148474107 Tel.: +4934148474302 | Fax: +4934148474173 Tel.: +85231136177 | Fax: +85231136199 Tel.: +12122447181 | Fax: +12122447185 Tel.: +922135378440-2 | Fax: +922135836940

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