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Dental Tribune United Kingdom Edition

May 7-13, 201222 Implant Tribune United Kingdom Edition 2012 2010 Preferred Products Often times, compromises have to be made when develo- ping impression materials. Because normally the rheological properties of stability and good flow characteristics would stand in each other’s way. DMG’s Honigum overcomes these contradictions. Thanks to its unique rheological active matrix, Honigum yields highest ratings in both disciplines. We are very pleased to see that even the noted test institute »The Dental Advisor« values that fact: Among 50 VPS Honigum received the best »clinical ratings«* www.dmg-dental.com honigum. Overcoming opposites. *The Dental Advisor, Vol. 23, No. 3, p 2-5 AZM_Honigum_DeEnItFr_1203.indd 1 02.04.12 09:47 rate of resorption (Carmagnola et al. 2003; Barone et al. 2008). The absence of inflammatory signs around the xenograft par- ticles suggests that this is a safe and biocompatible biomaterial (Barone et al. 2008). Many studies have demonstrated the absence or a minimal amount of inflam- matory infiltrate (Cardaropoli & Cardaropoli 2008), but in a clini- cal and histological study evalu- ating ridge preservation with xenografts in humans, Vence et al. (2004) observed some histologi- cal inflammation, primarily poly- morphonuclear neutrophils in the trabecular spaces, in three of 12 treated sockets, at four months. However, there was no clinical inflammation, and all sites had complete soft-tissue closure by three weeks. The authors suggest that the inflammation may have been related to resorption of the graft particles. The efficacy of a xenograft as an alveolar bone graft material may be the result of a combina- tion of factors: its osteo-conduc- tive capacity, the increase of min- eral content in the grafted area necessary for bone formation and its density in order to provide sta- bility to the graft and to persist for many months (Barone et al. 2008; Artzi et al. 2000). The histological analysis re- vealed that in all samples there are residual particles of the xeno- graft, including studies at nine months (Artzi et al. 2000). Ac- cording to studies, the volume of residual bone graft material may vary between 16 and 30 per cent. The volume of new bone forma- tion varies between 23 and 46 per cent (Table I). Histological and histo-mor- phometric studies have observed that the formation of new bone and the resorption of the xeno- graft particles is a slow and grad- ual process. In a nine-year study of a sinus elevation with a xeno- graft, Traini et al. (2007) observed an increase in bone formation over time, a decrease in the mar- row spaces and a slow resorption of the biomaterial. Sartori et al. (2003) presented a case of a sinus augmentation with a xenograft and histo-morphometric evalua- tion after ten years; he observed that the absorption of the xeno- graftisslowbutconstant.Hesawa resorption of 3.6 per cent per year for the first two years and a sig- nificant decrease in the next eight years, with an average rate of re- sorptionof 0.58percentpermonth. According to several studies, once the xenograft is in contact with mineralised bone, it acts similarly to the host bone, provid- ing a biologic support for dental implants (Haas et al. 1998). The success of implants placed in re- generated areas of up to 40 per cent of xenograft residual parti- cles seems to be similar to those placed in native bone (Carmagno- la et al. 2003). Conclusion The ridge preservation technique limits hard-tissue resorption fol- lowing tooth extraction. A xeno- graft with a resorbable collagen membrane has been proven to be a clinically successful means of restoring a bone defect. The his- tological examination confirmed the presence of newly formed vital bone almost completely surrounding xenograft particles throughout the biopsy samples. DT Editorial note: A list of referenc- es is available from the publisher. page 21DTß Table I_Histological and histo-morphometric evaluation of the xenograft as an alveolar bone graft material. About the author Prof José Nart Chairman and Programme Director Department of Periodontology Universitat Internacional de Catalu- nya C/ Josep Trueta s/n 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain Tel: +34 935 042 030 E-mail: jose@nartperiodoncia.com