ortho - the international C.E. magazine of orthodontics

ortho1_201234 I I technique_ archwire temperature, and the phenomenon is called stress- induced martensitic transformation Miura said that SENTALLOY allows a constant force to be delivered over an extended portion of the deactivation range and is therefore more likely to generate physiologic tooth movement and greater patient comfort. Using the body temperature to transform this alloy, SENTALLOY can address tooth movement resistance during an orthodontic treat- mentwithoutcausingtraumatosurroundingdental tissues. Miura believed that the discovery of the “super- elastic” properties of SENTALLOY wires and its use in osteoclast recruitment was a significant scientific breakthrough for the orthodontic specialty. The use of superelastic wire established a new standard of biologic treatment in clinical orthodontics.6 _Part II: SENTALLOY historical overview For more than two decades, SENTALLOY archwire ha found wide applicability in orthodontics and has developedproductsaroundthephilosophyofapply- ing physiological force for tooth movement. •1958,Dr.WilliamJ.Buehlerbeganexperimental work on NITINOL at U.S. Naval Ordnance Laboratory (Fig. 1). • 1976, Dr. George Andreasen develops first NiTi alloy in orthodontics (Fig. 5). • 1986, Dr. Fujio Miura develops SENTALLOY the first Super-elastic nickel-titanium alloy (Fig. 6). • 1987, GAC International introduces the first superelastic open and close coil springs. (Fig. 9). • 1988, DERHT method for bending SENTALLOY wirewasdevelopingunderthetradenameofARCH- MATE (Fig. 10). • 1990, NEOSENTALLOY appears, and it was the first time that was possible to use a full-size rectan- gular wire as initial wire that generates 100, 200 or 300 grams (Fig. 11). • 1992, BIOFORCE is introduced as the only su- perelastic wire that starts with low, gentle force for anteriors and increases to the posteriors (Fig. 12). • 1993, GAC International creates Bioforce and NEOSENTALLOY IonGuard, a new nickel-titanium wire that underwent an ion implantation process (Fig. 13). • 1993, SENTALLOY MOLAR MOVER is created for molar distalization (Fig. 14). • 1995, TOMY Inc. introduces SENTALLOY STLH, a static termoactivity low-hysterisis, nickel-titanium wire (Fig. 15). • 2000, GAC PAKs enhances clean storage and dispensing of each wire (Fig. 16). • 2008, high esthetic archwires: SENTALLOY and Bioforce. Providing the same outstanding perform- ance as standard wires, a rhodium process provides low reflectivity for reduced visibility (Fig. 17). _Part III: Evaluation of mechanical and physical properties of SENTALLOY There are basically three types of laboratory tests — bending, tension and torsion — used to study the mechanical properties of orthodontic wires. Two more tests are used to evaluate physical properties: Fig. 18 Fig. 21 Fig. 19 Fig. 22 Fig. 23 Fig. 20